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Q. Statement 1 : When small amount of acid or base is added to pure water, its $pH$ undergoes a change
Statement 2 : Addition of an acid or a base increases the degree of ionization of water

Equilibrium

Solution:

(A) is correct
(R) is wrong
Correct (R): Addition of acid or base increase the $\left[ H ^{\oplus}\right]$ or $[\overset{\ominus}{ O } H ]$ and thus $pH$ changes