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Q. Soaps are

MGIMS WardhaMGIMS Wardha 2010

Solution:

$ Na $ (sodium) salts of higher fatty acids are known as soap and the process by which soap is prepared is known as saponification. $ \underset{glyceryl\,stearate}{\mathop{\underset{\begin{smallmatrix} | \\ C{{H}_{2}}OCO{{C}_{17}}{{H}_{35}} \end{smallmatrix}}{\overset{\begin{smallmatrix} C{{H}_{2}}OCO{{C}_{17}}{{H}_{32}} \\ | \end{smallmatrix}}{\mathop{CHOCO{{C}_{17}}{{H}_{35}}}}}\,}}\,+\underset{\begin{smallmatrix} \,\,\,sodium \\ hydroxie \end{smallmatrix}}{\mathop{3NAOH}}\,\xrightarrow{{}}\underset{glycerol}{\mathop{\underset{\begin{smallmatrix} | \\ C{{H}_{2}}OH \end{smallmatrix}}{\overset{\begin{smallmatrix} C{{H}_{2}}OH \\ | \end{smallmatrix}}{\mathop{CHOH}}}\,}}\, $ $ +\underset{\begin{smallmatrix} sodium\,stearate \\ \,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,(soap) \end{smallmatrix}}{\mathop{3{{C}_{17}}{{H}_{35}}COONa}}\, $