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Q.
''Relative lowering in vapour pressure of solution containing non-volatile solute is directly proportional to mole fraction of solute''. Above statement is :
AFMCAFMC 2004
Solution:
Raoult's law : For a solution containing non volatile solute at a given temperature is equal to the mole fraction of solute.
$\frac{p_{A}^{\circ}-p_{A}}{p_{A}^{\circ}} =x_{B}$ (mole fraction of solute)
$p_{A}^{\circ} =$ vapour pressure of pure solution
$p_{A} =$ vapour pressure of solution
$x_{B} =\frac{\text { moles of solute }}{\text { moles of solute }+\text { solvent }}$
Henry law : The solubility of a gas at a given temperature is directly proportional to the pressure at which it is dissolved.
Mole fraction of a gas $\left(x_{B}\right) \propto P$
Dulong and Petit's law : For any element
Atomic mass $\times$ specific heat $\approx 6.4$
Le-Chatelier's principle : If a system in equilibrium is subjected to a change of concenteration, pressure or temperature, the equilibrium shifts in the direction that tends to undo the effect of the change.