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  4. Reason of lanthanoid contraction is

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Q. Reason of lanthanoid contraction is

AIPMTAIPMT 2014The d-and f-Block Elements

Solution:

Lanthanoid contraction is the regular decrease in atomic and ionic radii of lanthanides. This is due to the imperfect shielding [or poor screening effect] of $f$-orbitals due to their diffused shape which unable to counterbalance the effect to the increased nuclear charge. Hence, the net result is a contraction in size of lanthanoids.