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Q.
Nucleic acids have multiple negative charges due to
AMUAMU 1997
Solution:
: Nucleic acids store, transmit and express genetic information. Nucleic acids are composed of subunits called nucleotides. Nucleotides contain a phosphate group, a sugar and a ring of carbon and nitrogen atoms. The ring is also known as the base because it can accept hydrogen ions (protons). Nucleotides are linked together by bonds between the phosphate group of one nucleotide and the sugar of the next one. In this fashion, nucleotides form long chains. Nucleic acids however, remain negative at any pH used for electrophoresis and in addition carry a fixed negative charge per unit length of molecule, provided by the $ P{{O}_{4}} $ group of each nucleotide of the the nucleic acid. Electrophoretic separation of nucleic acids therefore is strictly according to size.