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  4. Name the complex of ETS which has two copper centres associated with it.

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Q. Name the complex of ETS which has two copper centres associated with it.

NTA AbhyasNTA Abhyas 2020

Solution:

Electron transport system: The electron transmitter system is also called an electron transport chain (ETC), or the cytochrome system, as four out of these seven carriers are cytochrome. It is the major source of cell energy, in the respiratory breakdown of simple carbohydrates intermediates like phosphoglyceraldehyde, pyruvic acid, isocitric acid, ketoglutaric acid, succinic acid and malic acid are oxidized.
The oxidation in all these brought about by the removal of a pair of hydrogen atoms (2H) from each of them. This final stage of respiration is carried out in ETS, located in the inner membrane of mitochondria (in prokaryotes the ETS is located in mesosomes of plasma membrane). The system consists of a series of precisely arranged seven electron carriers (coenzyme) in the inner membrane of the mitochondrion, including the folds or cristae of this membrane.
These seven electron-carriers function in a specific sequence and are nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, Flavin mononucleotide (FMN), Flavin adenine dinucleotide, Co-enzyme-Q or ubiquinone, Cytochrome-b, Cytochrome-c, Cytochrome-a and Cytochrome-a3. The complexes formed are as follows:
Components of ETS Name of complexes
FMN-NADH2 dehydrogenase Complex - I
FADH2 dehydrogenase/ Succinate dehydrogenase Complex - II
cyt b and cyt c1 Complex - III
cyt a and cyt a3 with two copper centers Complex - IV
ATP synthetase Complex - V