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Q. Maximum number of covalent bonds formed by $N$ and $P$ are

KEAMKEAM 2018The p-Block Elements - Part2

Solution:

The outermost orbital of $N$ -atom contain 3 unpaired electrons and has $n=2$

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Thus, it is not able to expand its octet and can only form 3 covalent bonds.

It can also form one coordinate bond with the help of one lone-pair of electrons over $N$ -atom $(\therefore $ total $=4)$

On the other hand, the outer most orbital for $P$ is $n=3$

which contain $3 d$ empty orbitals.

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(has 5-unpaired electrons) Thus, none of the given are correct.