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Q. Manufacture of ammonia by Haber's process involves the reaction $N _{2}+3 H _{2} \rightleftharpoons 2 NH _{3} ; \Delta H =-22.4$ kcals. The effect of increase of temperature on the equilibrium is

Equilibrium

Solution:

Formation of $NH _{3}$ is exothermic. When the temperature is increased, the reaction will proceed in the backward direction so as to absorb heat and nullify the effect of increasing temperature. In other words, the equilibrium will shift to left