Macromolecule chitin is a complex polysaccharide containing amino sugars and chemically modified sugars (e.g., glucosamine, N-acetyl galactosamine, etc). Polysaccharides are long carbohydrate molecules of monosaccharide units joined together by glycosidic bonds. They have a general formula $ {{C}_{x}}{{({{H}_{2}}O)}_{y}}. $