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  4. is the rate of production of organic matter by consumers.

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Q. is the rate of production of organic matter by consumers.

NTA AbhyasNTA Abhyas 2020

Solution:

The productivity of an ecosystem is defined as the rate of biomass production. Primary productivity is the rate at which biomass or organic matter is produced by plants or producers during photosynthesis per unit area over a time period or it refers to the rate at which sunlight is captured by producers of an ecosystem for the synthesis of energy-rich organic compounds through photosynthesis. It is expressed in terms of weight as (g m-2 yr-1) or energy as (kcal m-2 yr-1) to compare the productivity of different ecosystems. Gross Primary Productivity (GPP) is the rate at which biomass or organic matter is produced by producers during photosynthesis per unit area over a time period. Net Primary Productivity (NPP) is defined as gross primary productivity minus respiratory loss (R).
NPP = GPP - R
NPP is the available biomass for the consumption of herbivores and decomposers.
The amount of energy available for carnivores or the rate of formation of organic matter by consumers is called secondary productivity.