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Q. Invert sugar is a mixture of

MGIMS WardhaMGIMS Wardha 2010

Solution:

$ \underset{\begin{smallmatrix} sucorse \\ \\ {{[\alpha ]}_{D}}=+{{66.5}^{o}} \end{smallmatrix}}{\mathop{{{C}_{12}}{{H}_{22}}{{O}_{11}}}}\,+{{H}_{2}}O\xrightarrow{HCl}\underset{\begin{smallmatrix} D(+)glu\cos e \\ \\ {{[\alpha ]}_{D}}=+{{52.5}^{o}} \end{smallmatrix}}{\mathop{{{C}_{6}}{{H}_{12}}{{O}_{6}}}}\, $ $ +\underset{\begin{smallmatrix} D(-)fructose \\ {{[\alpha ]}_{D}}=-{{92.4}^{o}} \end{smallmatrix}}{\mathop{{{C}_{6}}{{H}_{12}}{{O}_{6}}}}\, $ Sucrose is dextrorotatory and the resulting solution is laevorotatory with specific rotation of $ -39.9{}^\circ $ because fructose has a greater specific rotation. Since, there is a change in sign from dextrorotatory to laevorotatory, the reaction is called inversion reaction and thus, sucrose (obtained from glucose and fructose) is called invert sugar.