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  4. In which of the states shown in figure, is potential energy of a electric dipole maximum?

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Q. In which of the states shown in figure, is potential energy of a electric dipole maximum?

AIIMSAIIMS 2013

Solution:

Potential energy of electric dipole, $U=-p E$
$=-p E \,\cos\, \theta$
In fig. (a) $\theta=\pi\, rad$
Hence, $U=-p E\, \cos\, \pi=+D E=$ maximum