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  4. In the below mentioned compounds the decreasing order of reactivity towards electrophilic substitution is

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Q. In the below mentioned compounds the decreasing order of reactivity towards electrophilic substitution isChemistry Question Image

AIEEEAIEEE 2012Organic Chemistry – Some Basic Principles and Techniques

Solution:

Toluene is having one methyl group which is electron-donating group causing a negative charge on the carbon atom of the ring so it is highly reactive towards electrophile which is already electron deficient. Benzene has a delocalised set of electron cloud which attracts electrophile while chloro and nitro group are electronegative causing positive charge on carbon atom so are not reactive towards electrophilic substitution. $Cl$ shows - $I$ effect and $- NO _{2}$ shows strong electron-withdrawing effect. So least reactive