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  4. In p-n-p transistor circuit, the collector current is 10 mA. If 90 % of the holes reach the collector, the emitter and base currents respectively are

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Q. In $p-n-p$ transistor circuit, the collector current is $10\, mA$. If $90\%$ of the holes reach the collector, the emitter and base currents respectively are

Semiconductor Electronics: Materials Devices and Simple Circuits

Solution:

Here, $I_c = 10\, mA$, as $90\%$
of the holes reach the collector, so the collector current,
$I_C = 90\%$ of $I_E = \frac{90}{100}I_E$
or $I_E = \frac{100}{90}I_C$
$ = \frac{100}{90}\times 10 $
$=11\,mA$
Now, base current,
$I_B = I_E - I_C $
$=11 - 10$
$ = 1\,mA$