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Q. In genetics the term test cross means

Principles of Inheritance and Variation

Solution:

A test cross is a cross involving the mating of $F_1$ individual with the homozygous recessive parent. It is done to find out homozygous and heterozygous individuals. The off springs will be $100\%$ dominant if the individual was homozygous dominant and the ratio will be $50\%$ dominant and $50\%$ recessive in case of hybrid or heterozygous individual. Here, $AaBb$, should be crossed with $aabb$. As $aabb$ will produce only one type of gamete thus difference in traits if observed in their progenies will be due to the different gametes produced by hybrid dominant parent. This will indicate the genotype of the dominant parent.