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  4. If the dipole moment of Toluene and Nitro-benzene are 0.43 D and 3.93 D respectively, then what is the expected dipole moment of p-Nitrotoluene?

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Q. If the dipole moment of Toluene and Nitro-benzene are 0.43 D and 3.93 D respectively, then what is the expected dipole moment of p-Nitrotoluene?

NTA AbhyasNTA Abhyas 2020Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure

Solution:

Methyl group has $+\text{I} \, $ effect and $-NO_{2} \, $ group has $-\text{I} \, $ effect $.$ Therefore, in p-nitro toluene the dipole moments of $-CH_{3} \, $ and $-NO_{2}$ groups act in the same direction. So, the resultant dipole moment is additive.

i.e., 3.93 + 0.43 = 4.36 debye

Solution