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  4. If the B-H curves of two samples of P and Q of iron are as shown below, then which one of the following statements is correct?

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Q. If the $B-H$ curves of two samples of $P$ and $Q$ of iron are as shown below, then which one of the following statements is correct?Physics Question ImagePhysics Question Image

Chhattisgarh PMTChhattisgarh PMT 2009

Solution:

For permanent magnet we prefer a material with high retentivity (so as to make a stronger magnet) and high coercivity (so that magnetisation may not be wiped out easily). For electromagnet we prefer high saturated magnetism, low coercivity and least possible area of hysteresis loop so that electromagnet- develops high magnetisation, is easily demagnetised and energy loss in a magnetisation cycle is least. Therefore, $P$ is suitable for making permanent magnet and $Q$ for making electromagnet.