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Q. Identify the given structural formulae and select the correct option.

A B

(a) Adenine Uracil

(b) Guanine Thymine

(c) Adenine Guanine

(d) Cytosine Thymine

Biomolecules

A

a

70%

B

b

9%

C

c

18%

D

d

3%

Solution:

Nitrogen bases are heterocyclic compounds. They are of two types, substituted purines and substituted pyrimidines. Purines are larger-sized nitrogen containing biomolecules. They have 9-membered double rings. A purine has imidazole ring joined to pyrimidine ring at 4 and 5 positions. It has nitrogens at 1, 3, 7 and 9 positions. There are two types of purines — adenine (A) and guanine (G).Pyrimidines are 6-membered rings. A pyrimidine ring has nitrogen at 1 and 3 positions. Pyrimidine bases are of three types - cytosine (C), thymine (T) and uracil (U).