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  4. <img class=img-fluid question-image alt=image src=https://cdn.tardigrade.in/img/question/chemistry/64843b6f727bceedd4e57899543c93e7-.png /> Identify the abbreviation used for I and II for the given reaction.

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Identify the abbreviation used for I and II for the given reaction.

Aldehydes Ketones and Carboxylic Acids

Solution:

Aldehydes react with one equivalent of monohydric alcohol in the presence of dry $HCl$ to yield alkoxy alcohol intermediate, known as hemiacetals which further react with one more molecule of alcohol to give a gem-dialkoxy compound known as acetal. Hence,
I. hemiacetal or alkoxyalcohol.
II. acetal or gem-dialkoxy.