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  4. (i) Aristotle classified plants into herbs, shrubs and trees on the basis of morphology. (ii) Linnaeus two kingdom classification was based on presence or absence of cell wall. (iii) R.H. Whittaker include heterotrophic and chitinous cell wall organism in animals. Select the correct options.

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Q. (i) Aristotle classified plants into herbs, shrubs and trees on the basis of morphology.
(ii) Linnaeus two kingdom classification was based on presence or absence of cell wall.
(iii) R.H. Whittaker include heterotrophic and chitinous cell wall organism in animals.
Select the correct options.

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Solution:

Aristotle was the earliest to attempt a more scientific basis for classification. He used simple morphological characters to classify plants into trees, shrubs and herbs. He also divided animals into two groups, those which had red blood and those that did not. In Linnaeus' time a Two Kingdom system of classification with Plantae and Animalia kingdoms was developed that included all plants and animals respectively. This system did not distinguish between the eukaryotes and prokaryotes, unicellular and multicellular organisms and photosynthetic (green algae) and non-photosynthetic (fungi) organisms.