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  4. How many of the following properties are seen in the brinjal plant? Legume fruit, alternate phyllotaxy, actinomorphic flower, hypogynous flower, bicarpellary-syncarpous gynoecium, non-endospermic seeds

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Q. How many of the following properties are seen in the brinjal plant?
Legume fruit, alternate phyllotaxy, actinomorphic flower, hypogynous flower, bicarpellary-syncarpous gynoecium, non-endospermic seeds

NTA AbhyasNTA Abhyas 2020Morphology of Flowering Plants

Solution:

Brinjal belongs to the family Solanaceae. The characteristics of Solanaceae are:
Habit: Mostly herbs and shrubs. Underground stem tubers are found in potato.
Leaves: In vegetative parts, alternate and floral regions, opposite
always exstipulate, simple, rarely pinnately compound as in potato and tomato.
Inflorescence: Cymose or solitary
Flower: Ebracteate, Pedicellate, complete, actinomorphic, bisexual.
Calyx: Consists of five sepals, gamosepalous, valvate. Sepals are usually persistent (e.g. brinjal, chilly, tomato, etc).
Corolla: Consists of five petals, gamopetalous, evaluate or twisted.
Androecium: Consists of five stamens, epipetalous altering with corolla lobes. Anther dithecous.
Gynoecium: Bicarpellary, syncarpous, bilocular, ovary superior and ovules are numerous on axial placentation.
Fruit: Berry or capsule.
Seeds: Many, endospermic .
Economic Importance: Many plants belonging to this family are a source of food (tomato, brinjal, potato), spice (chilli), medicine (belladonna, ashwagandha), fumigatory (tobacco), ornamentals (petunia).