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Q. How, many of the following can act as Lewis bases?
$BCl _{3}, F ^{-}, OH ^{-}, NH _{3}, H _{2} O , CO ^{3+}, H ^{+}, AlCl _{3}$

Equilibrium

Solution:

According to Lewis concept, species which can donate a pair of electrons can act as Lewis bases. Among given options, $F ^{-}, OH ^{-}, NH _{3}$ and $H _{2} O$ can act as Lewis bases.