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  4. H-O-H bond angle in H2O is 104.5° and not 109° 28' because of

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Q. H-O-H bond angle in H$_2O$ is 104.5$^{\circ}$ and not 109$^{\circ}$ 28' because of

Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure

Solution:

The hybridisation of oxygen in water molecule is sp$^3$, So, water molecule must be tetrahedral and have bond angle 109$^{\circ}$28'. But due to the presence of two lone pair of electrons on oxygen atom (repulsion between Ione pair-lone pair), the bond angle decreases about 104.5$^{\circ}$ and the geometry becomes distorted tetrahedral or V-shaped