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  4. Given below is a diagram related to sickle-cell anaemia, which provides immunity to malarial parasite. Identify X, Y and Z in the given diagram. <img class=img-fluid question-image alt=Question src=https://cdn.tardigrade.in/q/nta/b-enldn7dbf3sx.png />

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Q. Given below is a diagram related to sickle-cell anaemia, which provides immunity to malarial parasite. Identify X, Y and Z in the given diagram.
Question

NTA AbhyasNTA Abhyas 2020Principles of Inheritance and Variation

Solution:

Sickle cell anaemia is a severe hereditary form of anaemia in which a mutated form of haemoglobin distorts the red blood cells into a crescent shape. It is common among people of African descent. The mutation (transversion/single point mutation) causing sickle cell anaemia is a single nucleotide substitution (A to T) in the codon for amino acid 6. The change converts a glutamic acid codon (GAG) to a valine codon (GTG). The form of haemoglobin in persons with sickle cell anaemia is referred to as HbS.