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Q. Frog's tadpoles are

NTA AbhyasNTA Abhyas 2020

Solution:

Excretion is the removal of metabolic wastes from the body. CO2 and water are metabolic wastes of carbohydrate and fat metabolism while nitrogenous wastes are formed by protein and nucleic acid metabolism. Depending on the nature of nitrogenous waste, the following categorization can be made:
  1. Ammonia is the first and highly toxic metabolic waste of protein metabolism which is produced in the liver by the process of deamination and requires a large amount of water for its excretion. Ammonia is the first and highly toxic metabolic waste of protein metabolism which is produced in the liver by the process of deamination and requires a large amount of water for its excretion. Organisms excreting ammonia are called ammonotelic, like Hydra, Amoeba, Earthworms. Amphibian larvae (called tadpoles) are ammonotelic.
  2. Urea is a white crystalline solid, comparatively less toxic, produced in the liver from NH3 and CO2. The organisms excreting urea can conserve water as it needs lesser water to be excreted. These animals are ureotelic, like humans, frogs, etc.
  3. Uric Acid is a semisolid or crystalline excrete waste, produced in the liver, and its elimination, in such form, helps in the conservation of body water. This is the least toxic and needs minimum water to get excreted. Terrestrial insects, reptiles are uricotelic.