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  4. Fragments of DNA segments can be separated by:

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Q. Fragments of DNA segments can be separated by:

NTA AbhyasNTA Abhyas 2020Biotechnology : Principles and Processes

Solution:

Gel electrophoresis separates DNA fragments by size in an agarose gel. DNA samples are pipetted into the sample wells. Application of an electric current at the top (anodal, negative) end causes the negatively-charged DNA to migrate (electrophorese) towards the bottom (cathodal, positive) end. The rate of migration is proportional to size: smaller fragments move more quickly and wind up at the bottom of the gel.