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  4. Figures below show water flowing through a horizontal pipe from left to right. Note that the pipe in the middle is narrower. Choose the most appropriate depiction of water levels in the vertical pipes.

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Q. Figures below show water flowing through a horizontal pipe from left to right. Note that the pipe in the middle is narrower. Choose the most appropriate depiction of water levels in the vertical pipes.

KVPYKVPY 2018

Solution:

By Bernoulli’s equation for streamline flow,
$p + \frac{1}{2}\rho\upsilon^{2} +\rho gh =$ a constant
In given situation $h =$ constant
$\therefore p+\frac{1}{2}\rho\upsilon^{2}=$ constant
When velocity of flow in narrow section increases, pressure decreases.
So, current level in vertical tubes is as shown below.

Solution Image