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Q.
During transcription, the template strand is the one with the polarity:
NTA AbhyasNTA Abhyas 2022
Solution:
Transcription occurs in only one direction. Thus the strand that has the polarity $3 ' \rightarrow 5 ' acts$ as the template strand. The other strand which has the polarity $5 ' \rightarrow 3 '$ is referred to as the coding strand.
Transcription whether prokaryotic or eukaryotic has three main events.
$\cdot $ Initiation - Binding of RNA polymerase to double-stranded DNA; this step involves a transition to single strandedness in the region of binding; RNA polymerase binds at 5’ end on a sequence of DNA called the promoter. Initiation is the most important step in gene expression.
$\cdot $ Elongation - The covalent addition of nucleotides to the 3' end of the growing polynucleotide chain. This involves the development of a short stretch of DNA that is transiently single-stranded.
$\cdot $ Termination - The recognition of the transcription termination sequence and the release of RNA polymerase. The promoter and terminator flank the structural gene in a transcription unit.
