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  4. Consider a convex surface separating two media of refractive indices n1 and n2 respectively, n2>n1. Which of these is a correct diagram?

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Q. Consider a convex surface separating two media of refractive indices $n_{1}$ and $n_{2}$ respectively, $n_{2}>n_{1}$. Which of these is a correct diagram?

Ray Optics and Optical Instruments

Solution:

Figure shows the geometry of formation of image $I$ of an object $O$ on the principal axis of a spherical surface with centre of curvature $C$ and radius of curvature $R$. The rays are incident from a medium of refractive index $n_{1}$, to another of refractive index $n_{2}$.
image
As before, we take the aperture (or the lateral size) of the surface to be small compared to other distances involved, so that small angle approximation can be made.