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  3. Chemistry
  4. Calculate the quantity of electricity that would be required to reduce 12.3 g of nitrobenzene to aniline, if the current efficiency for the process is 50 %. If the potential drop across the cell is 3.0 V, how much energy will be consumed?

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Q. Calculate the quantity of electricity that would be required to reduce $12.3\, g$ of nitrobenzene to aniline, if the current efficiency for the process is $50\%$. If the potential drop across the cell is $3.0 \,V$, how much energy will be consumed?

IIT JEEIIT JEE 1990Electrochemistry

Solution:

Change in oxidation number at nitrogen = 4 - (- 2) = 6
Equivalent weight of nitrobenzene $=\frac{123}{6}g$
$\Rightarrow $ gram equivalent of nitrobenzene $=\frac{12.3 \times 6}{123}=0.60 $
$\Rightarrow $ Theoretical requirement $= 0.60 \times 96500 C = 57900 C $
$\Rightarrow $ Actual requirement of electricity $= 2 \times 57900 = 115800 C $
$\because V \times C = J $
$\Rightarrow $ Energy consumed $115800 \times 3 J = 347.40 \,kJ$

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