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Q. $C_{2}H_{5}CHO$ and $ (CH_{3})_{2}CO$ can be distinguished by testing with

ManipalManipal 2008Aldehydes Ketones and Carboxylic Acids

Solution:

Fehling solution is only reduced by aldehydes but not by ketones, therefore it is used to distinguish between aldehyde $\left( C _{2} H _{5} CHO \right)$ and ketone $\left( CH _{3}\right)_{2} CO .$
$C _{2} H _{5} CHO + \underset{\text{Fehling solution}}{Cu ( OH )_{2}} \longrightarrow C _{2} H _{5} COOH +\underset{\text{red ppt}}{Cu_2O} + H_2O$
$\left( CH _{3}\right)_{2} C =\underset{\text { Fehling solution }}{ O + Cu ( OH )_{2}} \longrightarrow $ No reaction