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  4. Benzene on nitration gives nitrobenzene in presence of HNO 3 and H 2 SO 4 mixture, where:

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Q. Benzene on nitration gives nitrobenzene in presence of $HNO _{3}$ and $H _{2} SO _{4}$ mixture, where:

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Solution:

Reagent for nitration of Benzene
$\underset{(\text { Acid })}{ H _{2} SO _{4}}+\underset{(\text { Base })}{ HNO _{3}} \rightleftarrows HSO _{4}^{\ominus}+ H _{2} \overset{\oplus}{ N}O _{3}$
$H _{2} \overset{\oplus}{ N}O _{3} \rightleftarrows H _{2} O + \overset{\oplus}{N}O _{2}$
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