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  4. Aniline is prepared in presence of Fe/HCl from

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Q. Aniline is prepared in presence of $Fe/HCl $ from

Bihar CECEBihar CECE 2008

Solution:

Aniline is prepared by the reduction of nitrobenzene in acidic medium.
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Mechanism
$3Fe +6 HCl \longrightarrow 3FeCl _{2}+6 H$
$C _{6} H _{5} NO _{2}+6 H \longrightarrow C _{6} H _{5} NH _{2}+2 H _{2} O$
$FeCl _{2}+2 H _{2} O \longrightarrow Fe ( OH )_{2}+2 HCl$
So, $C _{6} H _{5} NO _{2}+2 Fe ( OH )_{2}+4 H _{2} O \longrightarrow C _{6} H _{5} NH _{2}+ Fe ( OH )_{3}$