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Q. Among the following pairs
(1) Oxygen - Sulphur
(2) Nitrogen - Phosphorus
(3) Phosphorus - Arsenic
(4) Chlorine - Iodine
Those in which the first ionization energies differ by more than $300 kJ mole^{-1 }$ are

Classification of Elements and Periodicity in Properties

Solution:

Ionization energy decreases on moving down in a group and difference between I.E. of two successive members also decreases as we move from top to bottom in the same group. So difference of I.E. of $2^{nd}$ and $3^{rd}$ period element of same group is higher than that of $3^{rd}$ and $4^{th}$ period element. Hence, $1^{st} I.E.$ differ by more than $ 300 \,kj/mol $ for oxygen-sulphur and nitrogen-phosphorus pair.