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  4. Alkyl cyanides undergo Stephen reduction to produce

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Q. Alkyl cyanides undergo Stephen reduction to produce

VITEEEVITEEE 2008

Solution:

An alkyl cyanide is dissolved in ether or better in ethyl formate or ethyl acetate, and reduced with $SnCl _{2}$ and $HCl$, and then steam distilled. This whole process is called Stephen reaction. In this process alkyl cyanide is reduced to aldehyde.
$CH _{3}- C \equiv= N +2[ H ]+ HCl \xrightarrow [\text{ether}]{SnCl_2 +HCl}$
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There is no analogous method for the preparation