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  4. A small protein that is attached to the outer surface of the inner membrane of mitochondria and acts as a mobile carrier for electron transfer in oxidative phosphorylation is

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Q. A small protein that is attached to the outer surface of the inner membrane of mitochondria and acts as a mobile carrier for electron transfer in oxidative phosphorylation is

NTA AbhyasNTA Abhyas 2020Respiration in Plants

Solution:

The metabolic pathway through which the electron passes from one carrier to another, is called the electron transport system (ETS). This pathway is present in the inner mitochondrial membrane. Electrons from NADH (produced in the mitochondria matrix) are oxidized by an NADH dehydrogenase (Complex I) and are transferred to ubiquinone (Complex II). The reduced ubiquinone (ubiquinol) is then oxidised with the transfer of electrons to cytochrome c via cytochrome bc1 complex (complex III). Cytochrome c is a small protein attached to the outer surface of the inner membrane and acts as a mobile carrier for transfer of electrons between complex III and IV. Complex IV refers to cytochrome c oxidase complex containing cytochromes a and a3, with two copper centres. When the electrons pass from one carrier to another via complex I to IV in the electron transport chain, they are coupled to ATP synthase (complex V). This coupling is necessary for the production of ATP from ADP and inorganic phosphate.