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  4. A lot of scum formation was observed during washing with hard water. The washing powder could be

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Q. A lot of scum formation was observed during washing with hard water. The washing powder could be

Surface Chemistry

Solution:

Calcium and magnesium salts in hard water form insoluble salts of higher fatty acids.
$2 C _{17} H _{33} COONa \text { (aq.) }+ Ca ^{2+} \text { (aq.) (Hard water) } \longrightarrow \left( C _{17} H _{33} COO \right)_2 Ca ( s )+2 Na ^{+}(\text {aq. })$