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  4. 4-formyl benzoic acid on treatment with one equivalent of hydrazine followed by heating with alc. KOH gives the major product

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Q. $4$-formyl benzoic acid on treatment with one equivalent of hydrazine followed by heating with alc. $KOH$ gives the major product

KVPYKVPY 2014

Solution:

$4$-formyl benzoic acid on treatment with one equivalent of hydrazine followed by heating with ale. $KOH$ gives $4$-methyl benzoic acid the major product.
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This reaction is known as Wolf-Kishner reduction, where the aldehyde or ketone when treated with hydrazine and $KOH$, get reduced to methylene group to form a hydrocarbon. This reagent doesn’t affect $COOH$ group.