Question

Select the correct statement(s) for the following.

• A. Nitriles are hydrolysed to amides and then to acids in the presence of $H^{+}$or $O{H}^{-}$as catalyst
• B. Mild reaction conditions are used to stop the reaction at the amide stage during the hydrolysis of nitriles
• C. Grignard reagents react with dry ice to form salts of carboxylic acids which in turn give corresponding carboxylic acids after acidification with mineral acid
• D. All of the above

Answer 1

Answer: (D)

Nitriles are hydrolysed to amides and then to acids in the presence of $H^{+}$or $O{H}^{-}$as catalyst. Mild reaction conditions are used to stop the reaction at the amide stage.
$R-CN\underset{H_{2}O}{\overset{H^{+}\text{or }O{H}^{-}}{\to }}RCON{H}_2\underset{\Delta }{\overset{H^{+}\text{or }O{H}^{-}}{\to }}RCOOH$
Grignard reagents react with carbon dioxide (dry ice) to form salts of carboxylic acids which in turn give corresponding carboxylic acids after acidification with mineral acid.
$R-MgX+C{O}_2\underset{\text{ether}}{\overset{\text{ Dry }}{\to }}R-CO{O}^{-}MgX\stackrel{H_3{O}^{+}}{\to }RCOOH$