The root cap region is a thimble-like structure present at the tip of the root is produced by the rapidly dividing meristematic cells to protect the apex from harsh soil particles.
A growing point or meristematic zone is subterminal and protected by a root cap. Cells in this region are isodiametric, compactly arranged, meristematic, thin-walled, small with dense protoplasm. They have actively dividing cells with a small nucleus.
The region of elongation has the cells that elongate and enlarge to make the root grow in length and has lost their power of division.
The region of maturation or differentiation is of 1-6cm in length, is the one in which primary tissues differentiate to form root hair and forms permanent regions like pericycle, endodermis, xylem, phloem, etc. This differentiation is for the formation of lateral roots, that anchors the plant in soil and conducts water and minerals.
