Pteridophytes constitute a group of cryptogams having well developed vascular tissue. These plants lack seed (although seed habit is seen in Selaginelld).
Pteridophytes are mostly herbaceous and grow in moist and shady places.
Oswald and Tippo placed algae and fungi in thallophyta, ie, they lack true root, stem and leaf like structure. Fungi are achlorophillous, heterotrophic, spore forming, non-vascular eukaryotic organisms which often contain fungal cellulose in their cell wall and glycogen as food reserve.
Algae are chlorophyll bearing thalloid plants. They are autotrophic.
Bryophyta includes the most primitive and simplest plants of embryophyta. They lack vascular tissue system. The haploid or gametophytic generation is dominant and independent in these plants.